Inner privacy of consciousness
The human mind is constituted by inner, subjective, private, first-person conscious experiences that cannot be measured with physical devices or observed from an external, objective, public, third-person perspective. The qualitative, phenomenal nature of conscious experiences also cannot be communicated to others in the form of a message composed of classical bits of information.
Quantum tunneling of Davydov solitons
Proteins are the molecular nano-engines that support life. Functional protein complexes can be clamped in an inactive meta-stable state that is activated by signaling cascades triggering the release of the inhibitory clamp. Protein clamps provide the cell with effective mechanisms for sensing of environmental changes and triggering adaptations that maintain homeostasis. A general physical mechanism behind protein clamping action, however, has not been identified so far.
Quantum histories
Richard Feynman's sum-over-histories formulation of quantum mechanics has been considered to be just a useful calculational tool in which virtual Feynman histories entering into a coherent quantum superposition cannot be individually measured. Sequential weak values inferred from weak measurements by quantum devices, however, allow direct experimental probing of individual virtual Feynman histories thereby revealing the exact nature of quantum interference of the coherently superposed histories.
Semantic networks for enhancement of creativity
Creativity generates novel ideas to solve real-world problems and grants us the power to transform the surrounding world beyond what is currently possible. Creative ideas are not just new and unexpected, but are also successful in providing solutions that are useful, efficient and valuable. The origin of human creativity, however, is poorly understood, and quantitative semantic measures that could predict the future success of newly generated ideas are currently unknown.